PRESENT SIMPLE
FORM:
I live in Ljubljana. statement
I do not live in Ljubljana. I don't live in Ljubljana. negative statement (contracted form)
Do you live in Ljubljana? Where do you live? question
She lives in Kranj.
She does not live in Kranj. She doesn't live in Kranj.
Does she live in Kranj? Where does she live?
We add the auxiliary verb DO or DOES in questions and negative statements.
We add the ending -s to the full lexical verb in statements and to the auxiliary verb in questions and negative statements in 3rd person singular (he, she, it).
FUNCTION:
Present Simple tense expresses:
-repeated actions, habits
I watch television every day. She never helps her parents. Billy frequently plays computer games. He plays football twice a week.
-facts and eternal truths
The sun rises in the east. Water is wet. It's cold in winter. She hates horror movies. Water boils at 100 degres Celsius. Cats chase mice.
-jokes
A horse walks into a bar. The bartender asks: ''Why the long face?''
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
FORM:
I am reading a book.
I am not reading a book. I'm not reading a book.
Am I reading a book?
You are writing a letter.
You are not writing a letter. You're not writing a letter. You aren't writing a letter.
Are you writing a letter?
She is sleeping.
She is not sleeping. She's not sleeping. She isn't sleeping.
Is she sleeping?
We use the auxiliary verb BE in the following forms: AM, ARE, IS. The full lexical verb has the ending -ing.
FUNCTION:
Present Continuous tense expresses an action that is going on over a longer period of time which includes the present moment.
I am reading a magazine at the moment. She is working now. I'm driving to work by car this week, but usually I take the bus.
FORM:
I live in Ljubljana. statement
I do not live in Ljubljana. I don't live in Ljubljana. negative statement (contracted form)
Do you live in Ljubljana? Where do you live? question
She lives in Kranj.
She does not live in Kranj. She doesn't live in Kranj.
Does she live in Kranj? Where does she live?
We add the auxiliary verb DO or DOES in questions and negative statements.
We add the ending -s to the full lexical verb in statements and to the auxiliary verb in questions and negative statements in 3rd person singular (he, she, it).
FUNCTION:
Present Simple tense expresses:
-repeated actions, habits
I watch television every day. She never helps her parents. Billy frequently plays computer games. He plays football twice a week.
-facts and eternal truths
The sun rises in the east. Water is wet. It's cold in winter. She hates horror movies. Water boils at 100 degres Celsius. Cats chase mice.
-jokes
A horse walks into a bar. The bartender asks: ''Why the long face?''
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
FORM:
I am reading a book.
I am not reading a book. I'm not reading a book.
Am I reading a book?
You are writing a letter.
You are not writing a letter. You're not writing a letter. You aren't writing a letter.
Are you writing a letter?
She is sleeping.
She is not sleeping. She's not sleeping. She isn't sleeping.
Is she sleeping?
We use the auxiliary verb BE in the following forms: AM, ARE, IS. The full lexical verb has the ending -ing.
FUNCTION:
Present Continuous tense expresses an action that is going on over a longer period of time which includes the present moment.
I am reading a magazine at the moment. She is working now. I'm driving to work by car this week, but usually I take the bus.